Pre-Task Risk Assessments (PTRAs) are among the most effective and proactive tools in occupational health and safety. Conducted right before a task begins, a PTRA prompts workers to identify hazards in real-time, assess potential risks, and implement control measures immediately.
Unlike general Job Hazard Analyses (JHAs), PTRAs are dynamic, situational, and based on current site conditions.
Used widely in high-risk industries like construction, oil and gas, and mining, PTRAs empower teams to pause, think, and act before proceeding with any job—ultimately reducing incidents and improving compliance.
- What Are Pre-Task Risk Assessments (PTRAs)?
- Why Are PTRAs Important?
- Steps to Conduct a Pre-Task Risk Assessment (PTRA)
- Example: PTRA for Maintenance Task on Elevated Platform
- Best Practices for Effective PTRAs
- Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Digital Tools That Support PTRA Implementation
- Integration With Other Safety Systems
- Conclusion: Make Pre-Task Risk Assessments (PTRAs) a Daily Habit
What Are Pre-Task Risk Assessments (PTRAs)?
A Pre-Task Risk Assessment is a structured process where workers assess the risks of a specific job immediately before starting it. It usually involves:
- Reviewing the scope of work
- Identifying site-specific hazards
- Evaluating risk levels
- Implementing necessary controls
- Communicating the plan to team members
PTRAs serve as a “last line of defense” before any hands-on work begins.
Why Are PTRAs Important?
PTRAs are essential because conditions can change rapidly, and earlier assessments (like JHAs) may no longer reflect the current risk landscape. Here’s what makes them critical:
- Adaptability: They account for changes in weather, equipment, location, or personnel.
- Worker Engagement: They promote active participation and ownership of safety.
- Real-Time Hazard Recognition: Hazards like overhead work, hot surfaces, or chemical spills can be spotted right before a job begins.
- Incident Prevention: Many serious incidents occur during the first few minutes of a task—PTRAs drastically reduce this risk.
Steps to Conduct a Pre-Task Risk Assessment (PTRA)
1. Define the Task
Clearly describe the task about to be performed. Include tools, materials, location, and personnel involved.
2. Identify Hazards
Ask: What could go wrong?
Look for hazards such as:
- Slip, trip, or fall risks
- Electrical exposures
- Moving equipment
- Confined spaces
- Manual handling tasks
| Hazard Type | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Physical Hazards | Environmental factors that can harm a worker without touching. | Noise, radiation, vibration, extreme temperatures, unguarded machinery |
| Chemical Hazards | Substances that can cause health issues or reactions. | Acids, solvents, fumes, gases, flammable liquids |
| Biological Hazards | Organisms that can cause illness or disease. | Bacteria, viruses, mold, animal droppings, bloodborne pathogens |
| Ergonomic Hazards | Tasks that strain the body or cause musculoskeletal disorders. | Repetitive motion, awkward posture, heavy lifting, poor workstation design |
| Psychosocial Hazards | Hazards that impact mental health or stress levels. | Workplace violence, bullying, excessive workload, lack of control |
| Mechanical Hazards | Hazards involving moving parts or mechanical failure. | Pinch points, rotating shafts, conveyors, gears |
| Electrical Hazards | Contact with live electrical energy. | Exposed wires, faulty tools, damaged insulation, arc flashes |
| Slips, Trips & Falls | Hazards leading to loss of balance or traction. | Wet floors, uneven surfaces, loose cables, cluttered walkways |
| Fire and Explosion | Hazards involving uncontrolled combustion or ignition. | Combustible dust, gas leaks, hot work without permits, improper storage |
| Confined Spaces | Limited-entry areas with special hazards. | Storage tanks, manholes, silos, pits, tunnels |
3. Assess the Risk
Evaluate the likelihood and severity of potential harm using a Risk Matrix. Assign a risk rating (e.g., low, medium, high).
4. Apply Controls
Use the Hierarchy of Controls:
- Eliminate the hazard
- Substitute for something safer
- Use engineering or administrative controls
- Equip proper PPE
5. Communicate
Brief all team members about:
- Hazards identified
- Control measures
- Emergency procedures
6. Document
Use a standardized PTRA form to record:
- Task description
- Identified hazards
- Control actions
- Participants and signatures
Example: PTRA for Maintenance Task on Elevated Platform
| Task Step | Hazards | Risk Level | Control Measures |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access platform | Fall from height | High | Use harness and anchor system |
| Use of power tools | Electrocution | Medium | Inspect cords, use GFCI |
| Hand tools near edges | Dropped tools | Medium | Use tool lanyards |
| Weather | Wind gusts | High | Delay task if wind exceeds limits |
Best Practices for Effective PTRAs
- Use visuals like diagrams or hazard icons to communicate clearly.
- Include all team members during the assessment for collective awareness.
- Don’t rush. A thorough PTRA takes 5–10 minutes and can save lives.
- Incorporate mobile apps for real-time documentation (e.g., iAuditor, SafetyCulture, Salus).
- Review after incidents to determine if PTRA was completed and effective.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Treating PTRAs as a “check-the-box” exercise
- Skipping the process on routine jobs
- Failing to account for site-specific or temporary hazards
- Not involving the crew in identifying risks
Digital Tools That Support PTRA Implementation
Modern safety management systems allow digital completion and tracking of PTRAs. Some top tools include:
- EcoOnline
- SafetyCulture iAuditor
- Salus Pro
- OHSE.ca Free Safety Templates – DoFollow link
These platforms help streamline assessments, ensure traceability, and foster accountability.
Integration With Other Safety Systems
PTRAs should complement other safety initiatives such as:
- Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
- Permit to Work (PTW) systems
- Safety Observation Programs
- Daily Toolbox Talks
Integrating these processes builds a comprehensive, responsive safety culture.
Conclusion: Make Pre-Task Risk Assessments (PTRAs) a Daily Habit
Pre-Task Risk Assessments (PTRAs) are a simple yet powerful habit that can significantly improve workplace safety. By pausing to assess hazards in real-time, teams make better decisions, prevent injuries, and reinforce a culture of accountability.
Whether you’re working at height, in confined spaces, or in a warehouse, a quick PTRA could be the difference between a safe day and a disaster.
Start every task with a PTRA—because thinking ahead is the smartest form of protection.